1863 History Timeline

Centuries: 18th century - 19th century - 20th century

Decades: 1810s 1820s 1830s 1840s 1850s - 1860s - 1870s 1880s 1890s 1900s 1910s

Years: 1858 1859 1860 1861 1862 - 1863 - 1864 1865 1866 1867 1868

Events

January 1 - Abraham Lincoln delivers the Emancipation Proclamation during the second year of the American Civil War.
January 1 - The first claim under the Homestead Act is made for a farm in Nebraska
January 11 - American Civil War: Battle of Arkansas Post - General John McClernand and Admiral David Porter capture the Arkansas River for the Union.
January 10 - The first section of the London Underground Railway opens (Paddington to Farringdon Street).
February 10 - The world-famous midgets General Tom Thumb and Lavinia Warren get married in New York City.
February 1 - Alanson Crane patents the fire extinguisher.
February 24 - Arizona is organized as a United States territory.
February 26 - President of the United States Abraham Lincoln signs the National Currency Act into law.
March 3 - Idaho is organized as a United States territory.
March 30 - Prince Wilhelm Georg of Sleeswÿk-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg is chosen as King George I of Greece.
May 2 - May 4 - General Robert E. Lee defeats Union forces at the Battle of Chancellorsville
May 31 - First running of the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe horse race
July 2 - July 3 - Union forces turn back a Confederate invasion at the Battle of Gettysburg
July 4 - The Confederate city of Vicksburg, Mississippi surrenders after a 47 day siege.
November 19 - Gettysburg Address
Thomas Nast draws the modern Santa Claus for Harper's Weekly, although Santa existed previously.
Construction begins on the First Transcontinental Railroad in Sacramento, California

Arts, Sciences, Literature and Philosophy

1863 in literature:

Births

January 15 - Wilhelm Marx, German politician, chancellor of the Weimar Republic
January 17 - David Lloyd George, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
March 12 - Gabriele D'Annunzio, poet (+ 1938)
March 25 - Simon Flexner, pathologist who isolated 1899 a common strain (Shigella dysenteriae) of dysentery bacillus (+ 1946)
July 1 - William Stairs, Victorian explorer
January 12 - Swami Vivekananda

Deaths

May 10 - Thomas Stonewall Jackson, Confederate Army general
August 13 - Eugene Delacroix, painter
September 17 - Alfred de Vigny, author

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